Heart of Neolithic Orkney

A Journey Through Time: Exploring the Heart of Neolithic Orkney

The Heart of Neolithic Orkney is a journey through the ages, a testament to the ingenuity and artistry of our ancestors who left behind a legacy of incredible archaeological sites. Located in the Orkney Islands, off the northern coast of mainland Scotland, this UNESCO World Heritage Site offers visitors a rare glimpse into the sophisticated lives of Neolithic people. Prepare to be amazed by the sheer age of these structures and the mysteries they hold!

Understanding the Significance:

The Heart of Neolithic Orkney isn’t just one monument, it’s a collection of them, all clustered within a few miles of each other on the island of Mainland, Orkney. These sites offer a unique opportunity to explore the lives and beliefs of the people who lived here over 5,000 years ago!

The Sites:

The site consists of four key structures:

  • Skara Brae: This remarkable village is one of the best-preserved Neolithic settlements in Europe. Discover its intricate stone dwellings, dating back to 3180 BC and older than Stonehenge! Explore the passageways, hearths, and even furniture remnants preserved by the earth for millennia.

  • The Ring of Brodgar: One of the most impressive stone circles in the world, this monument dates back to around 2500 BC. Experience the sheer scale of this prehistoric site as you walk among its 27 standing stones and imagine them being used for ceremonial gatherings and rituals.

  • Skara Brae: This village is older than Stonehenge and offers a fascinating glimpse into the lives of the islanders. Explore the layout of the houses, the intricate stone beds, and the evidence of early life in Orkney.

  • The Standing Stones of Stenness: These stones are part of a Neolithic ceremonial site with a long history of human interaction.

  • The Ness of Yarrows: This is where you’ll find the remains of a massive 12th-century stone mound, thought to be the largest in Europe. The chambered cairn at the Ness of Brodgar is incredibly well-preserved and offers intriguing insights into the social structures and rituals of the Neolithic era.

Beyond the Monuments:

The beauty of exploring “the Heart” goes beyond the impressive standing stones.

  • Experience the dramatic landscape: Explore the rugged coastline, rolling hills, and lush green valleys that surround these ancient wonders.
  • Discover the fascinating history: Learn about the people who lived in these islands thousands of years ago and how they built a life for themselves amidst this incredible Neolithic site.

Exploring the Ring of Brodgar:

The Ring of Brodgar is an awe-inspiring monument with its 27 massive sandstone blocks standing tall within a stone enclosure.

  • What can you see: The ring itself, a massive 103 feet in diameter, consists of a series of standing stones arranged in a distinctive pattern. These stones are thought to have been part of a complex ritualistic and social structure that once dominated the landscape.

  • Understanding the site:

    • The Neolithic Era: The Ring of Brodgar is a remarkable example of the ingenuity and sophistication of the people who lived in Orkney during the Neolithic period.
    • The Stones: The stones themselves are incredibly large, standing up to 15 feet high and weighing an average of 20 tonnes each. Imagine the effort it took to erect them and the purpose they might have served!

Exploring the Maeshowe:

Maeshowe is a massive chambered cairn, a testament to the ancient builders’ incredible skill and knowledge.

  • The Tomb: This impressive structure is a passage grave, which dates back to the Neolithic era, suggesting that it was built for ritualistic purposes.

  • The Stones: The stones inside Maeshowe are intricately carved and decorated with runes, offering a glimpse into the ancient language and culture of these islands.

  • What are the key features:

    • The entrance: The site’s most intriguing feature is its unique internal architecture. Look for evidence of their advanced understanding of astronomy and engineering!
    • The Neolithic village: Explore the well-preserved homes, stone furniture and intricate passageways of this ancient settlement.

  • The Standing Stones:

A Journey Through Time: Your Experience at a World Heritage Site:

The heart of the Heart of Neolithic Orkney is the incredible history and archaeology that are embedded in these structures.

Exploring the Stones:

The sites are thought to have been built around 3,000 BC, making them among the oldest in Europe.

  • Skara Brae’s preservation: The fact they were buried by a massive landslide thousands of years ago and remained untouched for centuries highlights their age and significance.
  • The Ness of Yar:

Beyond the Stones:

The Heart of Neolithic Orkney is more than just its impressive stones.

  • Stonehenge: This world-renowned monument, built around 3000 BC, stands as a reminder of the ingenuity and social complexity of ancient civilizations.

  • The Ring of Brodgar: This massive stone circle, dating back to the same period as the Neolithic farmers who built Maeshowe, is a testament to the skill of these ancient builders.

Exploring the Other Sites:

The other sites within the “Heart of Neolithic Orkney” are equally fascinating.

  • The Stones of Stenness: These stones are remnants of an even older era and reveal intricate details about their construction techniques.
  • Skara Brae: This site is a testament to the ingenuity and resilience of ancient communities in Orkney.

Planning Your Visit:

  • Location: The sites are located on the mainland of the Orkney Islands, near the village of Stenness.

  • Accessibility: While some accessibility considerations apply, it’s important to note that the site is spread across multiple locations and requires a bit of planning to visit them all. Check with individual sites for their accessibility information.

  • Tickets: Tickets are available online or at the visitor center.

  • Booking: Booking in advance is recommended for popular sites like Maeshowe, especially during peak season.

Things to see and do:

  • The Ring of Brodgar: This magnificent stone circle is a sight to behold, with its towering stones and mysterious history.
  • Maeshowe: Explore the ancient Neolithic chambered tomb of Skara Brae, standing as a reminder of the ingenuity and sophistication of the builders.

Tips for your visit:

  • Wear appropriate clothing: Dress warmly and in layers, as the weather can be unpredictable and the weather in Orkney is often windy and cool. Be prepared to wear sturdy shoes as you’ll be walking on uneven ground.

  • Pack for the weather: Bring waterproof gear, even if the forecast looks good. The weather in Orkney can change quickly!

  • Book ahead: Many of the “Neolithic” sites require advance booking for tours and entry into the chambers.

  • Allow plenty of time: The site’s significance lies not just in its size and age but also in the intricate carvings and designs found on the stones.

Best Time to Visit:

  • May-September: Offers the best weather, but be prepared for crowds.

  • September-May: Experience the site with fewer tourists.

  • Spring and autumn: The sites are most magical during these seasons.

Important Considerations:

  • Weather: Orkney’s weather is notoriously unpredictable. Be prepared for rain, wind, and cold temperatures even in summer.

  • Accessibility: The tour inside the tomb requires a reservation and a guide. It is not suitable for people with mobility issues.

  • Crowds: The “Heart of Neolithic Orkney” sites are popular tourist destinations. It’s best to visit during the off-season or on weekdays to avoid crowds.

  • Cost: Allow for the cost of tickets, transportation, and food/drinks.

  • Accessibility: This is a key factor for those with mobility issues. The Ring of Brodgar is accessible via wheelchair, but you may need to book a special access tour for some parts.

  • Visitor Center Information: The visitor center at Maeshowe offers a wealth of information about the site and its significance.

Remember:

The “Heart of Neolithic Orkney” is more than just a tourist attraction; it’s a living museum of the past.

Important: The interior walls of the Ness of Brodgar are adorned with intricate carvings, some 5,000 years old.

  • Timing: Plan your visit for early morning or late evening to avoid long lines and enjoy the changing light of the day.
  • Photography: Respecting the sanctity of the site is crucial. Photography inside the Neolithic tomb is usually prohibited to protect the delicate artwork within.