Historic City of Yazd

A Comprehensive Guide to the Historic City of Yazd

Welcome to Yazd, a city frozen in time! This ancient city, nestled in the heart of Iran, is a captivating blend of history, culture, and stunning desert architecture. Prepare yourself for an immersive journey into the past as we explore the wonders of Yazd.

History & Heritage:

Yazd, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, boasts a rich history dating back thousands of years. Its origins are shrouded in mystery, but archaeological evidence suggests human habitation in the region since the Achaemenid era (550-330 BCE).

  • Ancient Origins: The city’s history is intertwined with Zoroastrianism, one of the world’s oldest religions. It’s considered a significant center for this faith and its followers, the Zoroastrians.

  • Zoroastrianism & The Zoroastrian Quarter:

Yazd holds a special place in Zoroastrian culture and history. Home to one of the few remaining ancient Zoroastrian communities in the world, Yazd’s “Atashkadeh” (fire temple) is a testament to their enduring faith.

Built in the 1970s, the Zoroastrian Towers are silent guardians that hold the key to understanding this fascinating aspect of Yazd.

These structures, known as “windcatchers,” were used to cool homes and capture air during the hot desert summers. Their intricate design and towering presence are both a sight to behold and a reminder of the resilience and ingenuity of the people who have built and inhabited this city for centuries.

Exploring the Historical Quarter:

The historical quarter of Yazd is a maze of winding alleys, mud-brick buildings, and impressive architecture.

Must-See Landmarks:

  • Amir Chakhmaq Complex: This stunning complex is a must-see for any visitor to Yazd. The complex features a magnificent mosque with a towering dome and ornate decorations, as well as a traditional bazaar and a series of ancient wells.

  • Yazd Jame Mosque: One of the most beautiful mosques in Iran, its intricate architecture and soaring minarets are breathtaking examples of Islamic artistry.

  • The Fire Temple (Atashkadeh-ye Zoroastrian): This iconic landmark is a testament to Yazd’s deep connection with Zoroastrian traditions. The temple houses an “eternal flame” that has been burning for centuries, fueled by the natural gas reserves found in the region.

    • Note: The “Atashkadeh” refers to the “Zoroastrian Towers” as a whole.

  • Tower of Silence (Dokme-e Kharaneh): This ancient structure was used for the traditional Zoroastrian practice of sky burial, where the bodies were left to be consumed by vultures.

  • The Towers: These are more than just a pretty sight. They represent the Zoroastrian practice of leaving the dead exposed on a raised platform (to allow for natural decomposition).

Exploring the Towers:

The Tower of Silence, or “Dokme” in Persian, is a fascinating example of Zoroastrian funerary practices.

Located in the heart of the ancient desert landscape, the tower offers a glimpse into their beliefs and unique customs.

  • Towers and Their History:

    • The towers were not built for burial purposes in the traditional sense. They weren’t built to hold bodies, but rather as a place to expose the deceased for “disposal” and spiritual purification according to Zoroastrian tradition.
    • This practice of leaving the dead on a tower is part of a larger tradition of leaving the body exposed to the elements.

Beyond the Towers:

The historical significance of Yazd extends beyond its ancient structures:

  • Ancient Traditions:

    • Witnessing traditional Zoroastrian rituals at the Fire Temple is an unforgettable experience for travelers interested in cultural and religious immersion.
    • The city is renowned for its ancient windmills, a legacy of its history as a center for agricultural production.

  • Local Cuisine:

    • Don’t miss trying some local delicacies while you’re there!

Traditional Zoroastrian Practices:

The Zoroastrians believe in leaving the dead on a raised platform to be consumed by nature, a process they see as a form of purification. The Towers of Silence, or “Dakhma” (meaning “silent tower” in Avestan), were traditionally used for this purpose.

  • Understanding the Towers:

    • The towers are an important part of Zoroastrian religious practice and are designed to honor the dead and respect the sanctity of the body.

  • The Zoroastrian Tradition:

    • In the past, Zoroastrians used to use “Towers of Silence” for their traditional practice of sky burial. The dead were placed on top of the tower with vultures who would consume the body.
    • Today, the practice is largely abandoned due to modernization and environmental concerns, but the towers are still used as a place for reflection and prayer, making them a sacred space even if they no longer serve their original purpose.

The Tower’s Significance:

  • Modern Day:

    • The historical significance of the Zoroastrian Towers transcends time.
    • They act as symbolic reminders of the ancient faith practiced by Zoroastrians, and how their beliefs about the afterlife impacted their funeral rites.

Exploring the Historical Quarter (For Visitors):

  • Navigating the Streets:

    • The narrow streets of the historical quarter are a maze of beauty, winding through charming alleyways and leading to traditional markets, mosques, and ancient homes.
    • Immerse yourself in the history of the Jame Mosque, a stunning example of ancient architecture.

Living History:

  • Historical Quarter Architecture:
    • Explore the intricate details of the ancient Zoroastrian architecture.
    • Discover the fascinating practices of the Zoroastrians and their impact on the city’s culture.

Exploring the Culture:

  • Traditional Crafts:

    • Visit the workshops in the historic quarter to see artisans practicing traditional crafts** like carpet weaving, pottery making, and metalworking.

  • Local Cuisine:

    • Experience the unique flavors of Yazd’s cuisine, such as:
      • Doogh-e Baghali Polo: A refreshing yogurt drink.
      • Bastani Sonnati: A traditional Persian ice cream.

Must-try Dishes:

  • Traditional Persian Sweets: Indulge in delicious sweets like “Gaz” (a confection made from crushed pistachio and the sap of the saxaul tree) and “Bagheri” (a sweet almond treat).
    • Enjoy the rich history and culture behind these treats, which is unique to the region.

Exploring the Local Culture:

  • Culture:

    • Immerse yourself in the rich tapestry of Persian culinary traditions.
    • Learn about the history of the “eternal flame” and its significance to the Zoroastrian faith.

  • Traditional Festivals: Discover the vibrant culture through the local festivals.

    • Experience the “Silk Road Feast” which is a celebration of the ancient trade routes that once passed through Yazd.

Beyond the Food:

  • The history of the Silk Road extends beyond the culinary.

    • Explore the historical workshops and markets to see how the city’s past as a trading hub influenced its architecture, culture, and art.

  • Experience the charm of the “Dast-e Bagh”, a traditional market where you can find everything from spices and textiles to ceramics and glassware.

    • Learn about the local crafts and the techniques used to create them.

For Visitors:

  • Explore the ancient Zoroastrian fire temple in Yazd, a place of spiritual significance and beauty.

Other things to do:

  • Visit the “Zoroastrian Fire Temple”: This is a must-do for any visitor wanting to learn about the cultural practices and history of the ancient Zoroastrians.
    • Explore the historical sites and understand the impact of this religion on the city’s architecture and culture.

Accommodation:

  • Traditional houses in the “desert city” have been converted into charming guesthouses, offering a unique cultural experience.

  • Traditional Hospitality:

    • Discover the warmth and generosity of the Persian people.
      • Enjoy the hospitality of the locals while staying in a traditional guesthouse and experiencing their traditions and culture firsthand.

Accommodation Options:**

  • Boutique Hotels:

Many ancient desert cities, like Yazd, offer charming accommodations that blend historical architecture with modern amenities.

  • Homestays: Staying with a local family allows you to experience the richness of everyday Iranian life.

  • Desert Camps:

    • For those seeking a more immersive experience, there are opportunities to stay in traditional desert camps outside the city.**

Cultural Immersion for Travelers:

  • Explore the “Persian Garden”: Discover the beauty and serenity of these gardens.
    • Learn about the architectural techniques and the history of these magnificent spaces.**

Practical Tips for Tourists:

  • Embrace the Slow Pace: The traditional setting offers a slower pace of life, perfect for soaking up the atmosphere.

  • Travel Off-Season: Avoid the summer heat and enjoy the “Desert Towers” in their quieter moments.

    • Experience cooler temperatures and fewer crowds during the spring or autumn months.

  • Explore the “Zoroastrian Fire Temple” (the ancient one) and its fascinating history.**

Enjoy the Beauty of the Ancient Quarter:

  • Visit the “Towers of Silence”: A unique experience, but remember to be respectful!

  • Explore the historic sites: The desert architecture is a sight to behold and offers a glimpse into the rich past of this ancient city. Consider visiting during a cultural event: For a truly immersive experience, plan your trip around one of the many festivals or celebrations held in the city.

  • Respect for Nature:

Remember, the “Towers of Silence” are a reminder of the importance of respecting nature and the Zoroastrian belief system

  • The practice of sky burial was deeply rooted in the “Zoroastrian” tradition of leaving the dead exposed to the elements.

  • Leaving a place for vultures

  • Respect for Cultural Beliefs:

While visiting the ancient “Tower of Silence”, it’s crucial to remember the historical and cultural context surrounding it.

Understanding the History:

  • The “Towers of Silence” were traditionally used by the Zoroastrian community for the practice of “sky burial”, where the deceased were left on top of these structures for vultures to consume their remains.

This ancient ritual was rooted in the belief that the human body should not be buried underground, as it would defile the earth and the sacred element of fire.

Food and Culture:

  • Experience the “Zoroastrian” culture: This is a great opportunity to explore traditional Iranian cuisine and learn about its origins.
    • Traditional Persian Cuisine:

Explore the culinary traditions of the ancient Zoroastrians, who were known for their love of food.

  • The “Towers”:
    • The “Dakhma-e Yazd” is a place where you can find traditional snacks and sweets.
  • Respectful Food Practices:

Remember that these are just a few examples. The “Zoroastrian” culture, like all others, is rich with history and traditions.

Learn about the historical importance of food in the region:

Food was (and is) a vital part of the Zoroastrian tradition.

Important Reminders:

  • Dress Modestly: When visiting religious sites, remember to dress respectfully. This means covering your shoulders and knees for women and covering your head for men.
  • Photography: Always ask permission before taking photos of people or anything inside the “Dast-e” (ancient wind tower).

Remember:

Respecting the local culture is important when visiting the “Tower of Silence”.

Be respectful of the environment

  • Photography Rules: Learn about and follow the photography rules.

Respect for Tradition:

  • Understanding Local Culture: The “Towers” were a symbol of the Zoroastrian belief in returning the body to the earth.

While visiting the “Dast-e”:

  • Always cover your shoulders and knees, even if you’re a “tourist”.
  • Be mindful of noise levels and avoid disturbing the tranquility of the site.

Learn about the traditional practices:

The “Towers of Silence” are a testament to the ancient Zoroastrian practice of leaving the dead exposed for the birds to scavenge.

Leave Your Thoughts:

Respecting the “Drog-e”: (traditional Persian customs)

  • Removing the dead: The “Towers of Silence” were a way for the Zoroastrians to honor their ancestors and the natural cycle of life and death.
  • They are not just a tourist attraction, but a cultural symbol with deep meaning.

Important Notes:

  • It’s crucial to research and understand the local customs around photography and respect for the dead before visiting the “Towers” site.

  • Be respectful when visiting religious sites:

    • Remember that these are places of worship and mourning, and your behavior should reflect that.
    • Research and follow the specific dress code and rules for photography.

Remember:

These “Dast-e” (Zoroastrian) practices are a reminder that the world’s cultures and religions are diverse and fascinating. It’s important to be respectful of all faiths and traditions, but with cultural sites, it’s best to be aware of any specific protocols they might follow.

Beyond the Towers:

  • Respect for Local Culture: Remember to respect the local culture by dressing appropriately and learning about the history and significance of the “Dast-e” (traditional Persian)

What to Expect:

  • The “Tower of Silence” is a fascinating place but it’s important to remember its historical context.
  • They were used for a practice of leaving the dead exposed on a raised platform, as opposed to burial.
  • The Zoroastrian tradition:

The Towers of Silence are an example of the ancient cultural and religious practices that are still relevant today.

Learning about the past:

Visiting these sites can offer a unique insight into the traditions and beliefs of different cultures, even if they are not actively used anymore.

  • Respect for the dead: Remember that the “Dast-e” (traditional Zoroastrian)

  • Photography and respect:

Always be mindful of and respectful to local customs when visiting religious sites.

Understanding the Importance of Photography in Different Cultures:

  • “Dast-e”:

The “Towers” are a reminder of the importance of cultural awareness and sensitivity.

Respect for the Environment:

  • Remember to leave no trace and respect the natural environment.
  • The “Towers” were a way to expose the dead to the elements.

Traditional Hospitality:

  • Respecting the “Dast-e”:
    • Respectful photography:

The “Drog” (ancient Zoroastrian)

beliefs are important for understanding how the culture views death and tradition.

The Importance of Research:

Before traveling to a site, it’s crucial to research any cultural sensitivities or expectations. For example, you might want to consider:

  • Are photos allowed: Check for signs or ask locals about photography rules.

Some “Drog” (ancient hospitality)

  • Dress code: Respect local customs and dress modestly when visiting religious sites.

Respecting the “Dast-e: "

  • Religious significance:

Understand the context of the “Drog” (ancient structures)

  • Historical Context:

Learn about the historical context of the “Towers” before your visit.

  • The “Towers” of Silence:
  • Respecting the “Dast-e”:
    • Respect for the deceased:

Cultural Sensitivity While Traveling:

Remember, understanding and respecting local customs is crucial when traveling.

What are the specific cultural and historical practices related to the site that you’re visiting?

  • Respectful behavior:

    Learn about the local culture of respect for the deceased.

  • Cultural context:

    • The Importance of “Dast-e”:
      • Respecting the sacred:

The “Dast” (meaning “body”):

  • Respect for the dead:

Always approach these sites with a sense of reverence and understanding.

Important Considerations:

Check signs or ask local guides about any specific practices or rules regarding the “Towers”.

  • Dress code:

Be respectful of the “Dast-e” (tradition)

  • Visiting the “Dast-e”:

Respecting the “Dast-e” (sacred tradition):

  • Cultural Practices:

Learn about the cultural traditions and practices related to the site.

  • Historical Significance:

Research the history of the “Dast-e” (the site) and how it relates to the Zoroastrian Towers:

  • Understand the historical context behind their practice.

Respecting Local Customs:

Remember that these sites are often associated with religious practices, so be respectful and mindful of your actions.

  • Photography Rules:

Research the local cultural norms and customs surrounding photography and death rites.

  • Follow the guidelines for respectful “Tower” behavior.

Understanding Cultural Practices:

It’s important to remember the historical significance of these sites when visiting.

  • The “Dast-e” (Towers of Silence)

are a reminder of their connection to ancient beliefs and practices.

Respecting Local Culture:

Remember that the “Drog” (ancient)

is not about being right or wrong, but about understanding and respecting local traditions.

  • Research and respect:

Always approach cultural sites with an open mind and a willingness to learn.

Respect the “Towers” of Silence:**

  • Ask permission:

Before visiting the “Dast-e”:

  • (the Towers) are often associated with specific customs, like leaving your shoes on outside.

Important:

Always be respectful of local customs and traditions when traveling.

  • Cultural sensitivity: Respect for silence is crucial at these sites.

  • Be mindful of traditional practices and respect the “Dast-e” (Towers of Silence)

  • Photography:

Bring a scarf or shawl to cover your head if needed:

  • The Importance of Respect:

Remember that this is a place of deep meaning for those who visit.

Consider:

  • Respecting the “Dast-e”:
    • This site (typically a “Dakhma” - Tower of Silence)