Yakushima

A Comprehensive Guide to Yakushima: Exploring Japan’s Ancient Forest

Yakushima, a UNESCO World Heritage site located off the coast of Kyushu in southern Japan, is an island renowned for its pristine beauty and ancient cedar forests. This subtropical paradise offers a unique escape from the hustle and bustle of modern life, with towering cedars, misty mountains, cascading waterfalls, and pristine beaches.

This guide will take you deep into the heart of Yakushima, offering insights into its history, nature, culture, and everything else a tourist needs to know about this captivating island.

About Yakushima:

Yakushima is a volcanic island off the southern coast of Japan known for its stunning natural beauty and rich biodiversity. It’s home to the ancient cedar forests, some of which contain trees over 1,000 years old. These forests are a magical blend of ancient Japanese landscapes and lush, primeval vegetation.

Getting There:

Yakushima Island is located off the coast of Kagoshima Prefecture in southern Japan. Reaching this remote island paradise takes a bit of effort but is worth it for the adventurous traveler.

  • By Plane: The most convenient way to reach Yakushima is by flying from Kagoshima Airport (KOJ) to one of two airports on the island: Yakushima Airport (YKJ) or Kikai Airport (KKJ). From there, you can take buses, taxis, or rent a car to explore.

  • By Ferry: There are ferry routes from Kagoshima and other ports in Japan that connect to the island. The most common route is from Kagoshima to the port of Miyanoura, which takes about 2 hours and 30 minutes.

  • From the mainland:

The only ferry route to Yakushima from the mainland is from Kagoshima to the island’s main port, Miyanoura.

  • Getting around:

While driving on the island is possible, it’s recommended to experience it through other means. The island itself is a testament to the beauty of slow travel. Hiking trails are plentiful and offer access to breathtaking scenery.

Things to Do:

Yakushima is an outdoor enthusiast’s dream, with stunning hiking trails leading you through pristine forests, up mountainsides with panoramic views, and down to secluded beaches.

  • Hiking:

Explore the island’s lush cedar forests and hike to breathtaking waterfalls like the Shiratani Unshodo Waterfall Trail or Yakushima Mountain Hiking. This is a must-do activity on Yakushima, and the island offers trails for all levels of experience, from beginner-friendly walks to challenging multi-day treks.

  • Water Activities:

Enjoy kayaking, canoeing, and paddleboarding in the calm waters off the coast. The island’s unique geography means you can explore both the mountainous interior and the beautiful beaches.

Must-See Spots:

  • Mount Miyanoura: Embark on a scenic hike to the summit of Mount Miyanoura (1,936 meters), the highest point on the island. The views from the top are breathtaking, offering a panoramic vista of the island and its surrounding islands.

  • Yakushima Cedar Forest:

Explore the ancient cedar forests, home to towering cedar trees and unique wildlife. The Jomonsugi Cedar, for example, is believed to be over 2,000 years old and is the centerpiece of a pilgrimage for hikers and nature lovers alike.

  • Shiratani Nature Trail: This trail leads you through a pristine and ancient cedar forest. It’s like stepping back in time and experiencing the untouched beauty of the island.

  • Yakushima Island World Heritage Center: Discover the history and ecology of Yakushima at this informative center.

  • Yakushima Monkey Center: Get up close and personal with these playful primates, a unique experience for visitors.

  • Yakushima Cedar Forest: The cedar forest on the slopes of Mt. Miyanuda is a popular destination.

Beaches:

  • Onoaida Beach: Relax and enjoy the sun and sand at this secluded beach, known for its beautiful turquoise waters and stunning views.

  • Nagata-hama Beach: Located in the southern part of the island, it’s a great place to see sea turtles hatching (depending on the season) and a popular spot for swimming and surfing.

  • Shirahama Beach: Explore the tide pools and rocky shores at this picturesque beach.

Getting Around:

  • Hiking Trails:

Transportation:

  • Rental Cars: Rent a car in Kagoshima City and drive to different parts of the island, or explore the beaches and mountains on foot.

Exploring the Island:

  • Mt. Miyanoura (Onoaida): Hike this challenging trail and reach the pristine Shirahama Beach

for swimming, snorkeling, and stunning views.

  • Rent a Transportation: The island’s main attraction for visitors.

  • Buses: Buses are available on the island to connect you to different destinations.

  • Hiking in the Mountains: Explore the mountainous terrain of the island, home to ancient cedar trees and unique wildlife.

Walking Trails:

  • Shirahama Beach:

Enjoy a leisurely stroll along the picturesque walking trails that wind through the lush forests near

  • Mount Yakushima (YKJ): This is a challenging but rewarding hike for experienced trekkers.

Hiking on Yakushima

  • Nature Trail: The island’s terrain offers a variety of hikes, from easy-to-moderate walks to challenging multi-day treks.
  • Mountain Trails: The island boasts over 100 miles of hiking trails that lead through stunning forests and up to breathtaking peaks.

Hiking and Biking:

  • Yakushima Bus Tour: Explore the island’s diverse landscapes with a guided bus tour, allowing you to see the sights without exertion.**

Hiking:

  • Shiratani Unshodo Trail: A popular trail for its ancient cedar trees and mystical atmosphere.

  • Oku-no-Hosomichi (The Pilgrim’s Path):

A challenging but rewarding hike through the island’s ancient cedar forests, a chance to enjoy stunning scenery.

  • Hiking:

Known for its diverse flora and fauna, Oku-no-Hosokawa (the “Island of the Gods”) offers a variety of trails, from easy walks through lush cedar forests to more difficult climbs up the slopes of Mount Miyanoura.

Accommodation:

  • Ryokan: Experience traditional Japanese hospitality at a ryokan.

  • Hotels: Find comfortable hotels with modern amenities in various locations on the island.

  • Guesthouses: Smaller and more affordable options, often run by locals and offering a glimpse into daily life.

Things to Consider:

  • Weather: Be prepared for all types of weather, as conditions can change quickly on the island.

  • Fitness Level: Some hikes are easier than others. Choose one that matches your abilities.

  • Seasonality: Consider when you’re visiting and what you want to see. For example, if you want to hike “The Pilgrim’s Path”, it’s best to go in the spring or fall for cooler temperatures.

  • Safety: Wear appropriate clothing and footwear, carry water and snacks,

and let someone know your hiking plans before setting out.

  • Accommodation:

You can find a variety of accommodations on the island, from traditional guesthouses to modern hotels.

**For a more authentic experience, consider staying in a traditional Japanese

  • guesthouse (ryokan) or at a campsite.

  • Food and Drinks: Enjoy fresh seafood, like “flying fish”, and local specialties such as shochu, a distilled liquor made from sweet potatoes.

  • Hiking Trails:

Choose your preferred trail difficulty and duration:

  • Beginner: Explore the island’s beautiful beaches and coastal trails, enjoying the stunning views and calmer terrain.

  • Intermediate: Hike through the ancient cedar forests, discovering the diverse flora and fauna.

  • Advanced: Challenge yourself with a multi-day hike up to the highest peaks of the island.

Enjoy the beauty of Yakushima Island’s lush nature, including:

  • The cedar forest: A unique and breathtaking ecosystem.

  • “Yakushima”: Explore the island’s natural wonders on challenging hikes.

  • Various hiking trails: Enjoy a variety of trails, from coastal walks to mountainous treks.

  • Oku-no-Hosomori: A popular option for those who want to experience the beauty and mystery of Mount Kirishima.

Planning Your Trip:

  • Research: Learn about the different hiking trails on the island and choose one that aligns with your fitness level and interests.

  • Season: Consider visiting during the spring (March-May) for stunning cherry blossom displays, or during the fall (September-November) for breathtaking autumn foliage.

  • Weather: Check the weather forecast before you go and be prepared for rain, especially if you’re hiking in the mountains.

Safety Considerations:

  • Wear appropriate hiking gear: Sturdy hiking boots, waterproof clothing, and layers are essential.

  • Carry water and snacks to stay hydrated and energized during your hikes.

  • Pack plenty of water, as it is a necessity for hiking on Yakushima. Remember that the weather conditions can change quickly, so it’s crucial to have appropriate gear and clothing.

  • Let someone know your plans: Before embarking on any hiking trail, always inform someone about your route and expected return time. This is important for safety in case of an emergency or unexpected delays.

Top Tourist Spots:

  • Yakushima World Heritage Site: Explore the ancient forest of Jomonsugi, a 2,000-year-old cedar tree.
  • Shirahama Beach: Relax on the white sands and swim in the turquoise waters. This is a great spot for swimming, sunbathing, and snorkeling.**

Experience:

  • Hiking: Enjoy the beautiful scenery of the island’s forests.

  • Natural beauty: Hike to waterfalls, hike through the lush forest trails, or hike up to the summit.

  • Wildlife: Explore the island’s unique flora and fauna.

  • Stunning scenery: Enjoy the breathtaking views of the mountains, forests, and ocean.

Travel Tips:

  • Plan your trip in advance: This is crucial for hiking on the island, as the trails are popular and can get crowded.

  • Check the weather forecast: Be prepared for rain and fog, especially when hiking in the mountains.

  • Consider hiring a guide: Especially for challenging hikes or those who want to learn about the local flora and fauna.

  • Bring sturdy hiking boots: The terrain on Mt. Yaku:

For a breathtaking experience:

  • Bring proper rain gear, as it’s essential for hiking in the wet conditions of Yakushima.

  • Stay at a guesthouse: Enjoy the beautiful views of the island.

  • Wear layers: Prepare for changing weather conditions.

  • Carry water and snacks: The trails can be long and strenuous.

Staying Safe:

  • Bring a headlamp:

Essential for navigating the dark, dense forests

  • Be aware of wildlife: Respect their space and

never approach or feed them.

  • Check trail closures and conditions:

Before you go, as some trails may be closed due to weather or

safety concerns.

Transportation & Getting Around:

  • Buses:

A great way to explore the island

  • Car rentals: A good option for adventurous travelers.
  • Hiking trails: Bring appropriate footwear and clothing.

Shiratani Unsojin:

The island offers a variety of hiking options, from

easy walks through the forest to challenging mountain climbs.

  • Be prepared for rain: It’s a crucial part of

the experience.

  • Bring a map: Even if you’re planning on taking an easier hike, it’s

always a good idea to have a map and compass in case

of getting lost.

  • Pack for all weather conditions:

Including rain gear, extra layers, sturdy shoes, and a backpack.

  • Wear appropriate clothing:

For the terrain & weather.

Hiking Tips:

  • Choose your trails wisely:

Start with easier hikes to acclimate yourself to the environment and the level of difficulty before attempting more challenging ones.

  • Stay hydrated and eat regularly:

Carry water and snacks, even on shorter hikes.

  • Check for wildlife:

Always carry a map and compass when hiking in the mountains.

  • Dress in layers: Be prepared for changing weather conditions.

Respect the natural environment:

  • Leave No Trace: Pack out all your trash.

  • Stay on Trails: Avoid damaging vegetation by staying on marked paths.

  • Protect Wildlife: Don’t disturb or feed wildlife.

  • Minimize Noise: Be mindful of the peace and quiet

needed for enjoying nature.

Weather:

  • Check the weather**: Prepare for rain and humid, tropical weather.

  • Respect the weather conditions and be prepared for changes in them.

  • Pack a headlamp: To ensure you can see safely if hiking in

low-light conditions.

  • Carry extra batteries: For your headlamp, as they are essential for navigating

the island’s mountainous trails.

Remember: Carry a map and compass to stay safe, and remember to

always pack for the unexpected when hiking.

  • Respect the weather:

Always carry a map and compass! *

Bring waterproof gear, even on sunny days. *

Pack for all types of weather - it can change quickly. *

Carry extra clothing layers and consider

packing a light rain jacket or poncho.

Be prepared for rain:

Keep in mind the unique “Yakushima” cedar forest ecosystem

with its diverse flora and fauna, and carry bear spray for protection against

wildlife encounters.

  • Mountain Hiking:

Always check trail conditions and closures before hiking, as

the island is prone to sudden weather changes. *

Bring a headlamp and a flashlight

for emergencies.

  • Pack a flashlight: Always be prepared for the unexpected.

Other Essentials:

  • Hiking boots: Sturdy, waterproof hiking boots are essential for

navigating the terrain. *

First aid kit: A must-have for any hiking trip. *

Carry plenty of water and snacks. *

Drink & eat regularly to maintain energy levels.

  • Bring a map:

It is crucial to bring a map and compass, as the island’s trails are

often in remote areas with limited cell phone reception.

  • Hiking gear: A good set of hiking poles for support and balance

while hiking.

Remember:

  • Map & Compass: Always carry these for safety on the trails.

Be prepared to encounter wildlife, even on short hikes.

Transportation:

  • Car rentals:

Are readily available near the airport and ferry terminals. *

Rent a car if you are planning to explore the island’s interior beyond

the well-trodden paths.

  • Parking:

Parking is limited in some areas, so

it’s important to research parking options before you go.

Consider taking a guided tour for a deeper understanding of the

island’s ecosystems and history.

Things to do on the island:

  • Hiking: Choose trails that match your skill level and interests.

  • Shirakawa: The forest offers a variety of hiking experiences,

from challenging multi-day treks through the dense undergrowth

to leisurely strolls along coastal paths.

  • Hiking Trails & Accessibility:

The island is known for its breathtaking hiking trails, but it’s important to remember that these trails are often located in mountainous terrain.

This means you will need a good map and compass to navigate them safely.

  • Accommodation:

There are plenty of options to stay on the island.

You can choose from:

  • Traditional Ryokan:

Immerse yourself in Japanese culture by staying at a ryokan,

a Japanese-style inn, often featuring

onsen (hot springs) baths and stunning views.

  • Hotels:

There are a variety of hotels to suit different budgets and

preferences.

Ryokans: Offer a unique and immersive cultural experience with traditional rooms, tatami mats, futon bedding, and communal onsen baths. *

Consider the weather conditions when choosing your accommodation.

  • Hiking:

  • Carrying a first aid kit:

Always stay safe while hiking, as you are

often in remote areas. *

Transportation:

Remember to pack your own map and compass for safety

as the island can be quite foggy and the weather

changes quickly.

You can use this guide to help you plan your trip:

  • Accommodation:

There are many different types of accommodation available on the island, from

luxury hotels with stunning views

to budget-friendly hostels.

  • For a truly immersive experience:

Stay in a traditional Japanese inn (ryokan) and enjoy a relaxing soak

in an onsen after a day of hiking.

  • Accommodation:

  • Multi-Day Hiking:

Consider staying at a campsite or

  • Guesthouses:

  • The island:

Transportation:

  • Hiking: This is the best way to experience the

island’s natural beauty, and it’s perfect for

those who want to escape the crowds.

  • Transportation:

  • Accommodation:

    • Traditional: This means you are

carrying your own gear:

Transporting:

Carrying a map of the island is essential for

finding your way around and making sure you

stay on track. *

Stay in

designated areas, as

the terrain and weather conditions can be unpredictable.

  • Accommodation:

You’ll have access to a variety of hiking trails,

ranging from beginner-friendly walks through lush forests to

challenging climbs up Mount Yaku**:

  • Always pack for the worst case scenario: This is because

weather conditions on

the island are prone to change

rapidly.

Remember:

You can find these in a variety of locations across the island, offering unique views and access to local nature. **

Stay Safe**:

  • For a multi-day hike:

Consider your fitness level and the weather conditions.

  • Bring appropriate gear:

Sturdy shoes, rain pants & jacket, a map, compass,

first aid kit (including bear spray),

plenty of water and food/drinks for the duration *

Consider the weather:

Be prepared for unpredictable weather conditions

with the island’s dense forests